In this week's episode of Parallax, host Dr Ankur Kalra engages in a thought-provoking discussion with Dr Stephen Smith, a pioneer in electrocardiography and myocardial infarction diagnosis. They delve into the groundbreaking OMI/NOMI paradigm (Occlusion MI vs Non-Occlusion MI), challenging the traditional STEMI vs non-STEMI terminology that has long been the cornerstone of acute coronary syndrome management.
Dr Smith presents compelling evidence highlighting the limitations of ST-elevation as a marker for acute coronary occlusion, discussing his recently published review paper: "From ST-Segment Elevation MI to Occlusion MI: The New Paradigm Shift in Acute Myocardial Infarction".
The conversation explores the proposed shift to the OMI/NOMI terminology and the specific ECG criteria for diagnosing occlusion MI. Dr Smith discusses the challenges in disseminating this new paradigm and teaching these refined ECG interpretation skills to clinicians. Dr Kalra and Dr Smith explore exciting developments in AI-assisted OMI detection and ongoing studies aimed at validating the OMI/NOMI approach.
How can clinicians effectively implement the OMI/NOMI criteria into daily practice? What challenges exist in teaching these new ECG interpretation skills, and how can they be overcome? What advice does Dr Smith have for our listeners?
Sources:
Herman R, et al. Eur Heart J Digit Health 2023. International evaluation of an artificial intelligence–powered electrocardiogram model detecting acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction. DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztad010
Meyers HP, et al. IJC Heart & Vasculature 2021. Accuracy of OMI ECG findings versus STEMI criteria for diagnosis of acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100767
Meyers HP, et al. J Emerg Med 2021. Comparison of the ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) vs. NSTEMI and Occlusion MI (OMI) vs. NOMI Paradigms of Acute MI. DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.10.026
Smith SW, Meyers HP. Ann Emerg Med 2023. Hyperacute T-waves Can Be a Useful Sign of Occlusion Myocardial Infarction if Appropriately Defined. DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2023.01.011
Meyers HP, et al. J Am Heart Assoc 2021. Ischemic ST‐Segment Depression Maximal in V1–V4 (Versus V5–V6) of Any Amplitude Is Specific for Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (Versus Nonocclusive Ischemia). DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.022866
Bischof JE, et al. Am J Emerg Med 2016. ST depression in lead aVL differentiates inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction from pericarditis. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.09.035
Smith SW, et al. Ann Emerg Med 2012. Diagnosis of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the Presence of Left Bundle Branch Block using the ST Elevation to S-Wave Ratio in a Modified Sgarbossa Rule. DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.07.119
Meyers HP, et al. Am Heart J 2015. Validation of the modified Sgarbossa criteria for acute coronary occlusion in the setting of left bundle branch block: A retrospective case-control study. DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.09.005
Dodd KW, et al. Ann Emerg Med 2021. Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Occlusion Myocardial Infarction in Ventricular Paced Rhythm Using the Modified Sgarbossa Criteria. DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.03.036
de Alencar Neto JN, et al. Int J Cardiol 2024. Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of ST-segment elevation for acute coronary occlusion. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131889
de Alencar JN, et al. Br Heart J 2024. No false negative paradox in STEMI-NSTEMI diagnosis. Available at: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&citation_for_view=ZBKuiKwAAAAJ:9wUeeRLfbNYC
Koyama Y, et al. Am J Cardiol 2002. Prevalence of coronary occlusion and outcome of an immediate invasive strategy in suspected acute myocardial infarction with and without ST-segment elevation. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02543-1
Khan AR, et al. Eur Heart J 2017. Impact of total occlusion of culprit artery in acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx418
Hung C-S, et al. Crit Care 2018. Prevalence and outcome of patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction with occluded "culprit" artery - a systemic review and meta-analysis. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-1944-x
Mehta SR, et al. N Engl J Med 2009. Early versus delayed invasive intervention in acute coronary syndromes. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807986
Kofoed KF, et al. Circulation 2018. Correction to: Early Versus Standard Care Invasive Examination and Treatment of Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: VERDICT Randomized Controlled Trial. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000640
Milosevic A, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Interv 2016. Immediate Versus Delayed Invasive Intervention for Non-STEMI Patients. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.11.018
Lupu L, et al. Clin Cardiol 2022. Immediate and early percutaneous coronary intervention in very high-risk and high-risk non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. DOI: 10.1002/clc.23781
Dr Gerdisch shares insights into his research on rigid sternal fixation and enhanced recovery protocols, which have shown promising results in postoperative pain management and patient recovery.
US Cardiology Review journal, has recently seen a 7-fold increase in female editorial board members in response to journal-based strategic initiatives and the stellar work of USC editorial board leadership, Ankur Kalra (Editor in Chief) and Bill Gogas (Deputy Editor in Chief), who were keen to drive this change. With thanks to Dr Anastasia Mihailidou’s tenure as a new board member and her suggested nominees, ten new female board members have recently joined US Cardiology Review’s editorial board.
In this episode, Mike opens up about his childhood in Stilwell, Oklahoma. Ankur and Mike discuss how the inductive quality of art can complement the deductive principles of science. Mike recalls earlier stages of his career and warns about the blinding effect of the ego-driven, competitive culture of cardiology. Ankur asks Mike about fatherhood and about his role as an educator.
What does it mean to be fearless as a medical professional? How can you protect yourself from the emotional toll of the profession? What is Mike’s advice to early career cardiologists?
Sponsored by Edwards.
During her interventional cardiology fellowship, Dr Baron became fascinated by the implementation of novel technologies. She earned her degree in Clinical Epidemiology and spent a year working at the FDA’s Device Evaluation unit.
In 2019 Dr Baron presented the results of her late-breaking trial, COAPT. Ankur invites Suzanne to discuss the economic analysis of the study and to give a short introduction to cost-effectiveness analysis. Suzanne provides an overview of the trial and they talk about the importance of understanding the value and benefits of new devices from both the patient and the health-economic point of viewpoint.
How should you start building a research programme? What are Chuck Simonton’s thoughts on the relationship between doctors and the industry? What is Chuck’s message to young cardiologists?
After the #MedBikini campaign provoked by a misogynistic study that scrutinized female doctors’ social media posts, this episode is about creating a safer environment for female healthcare professionals.